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Gabriel Fauré composed his Requiem in D minor, Op. 48, between 1887 and 1890. The choral-orchestral setting of the shortened Catholic Mass for the Dead in Latin, is the best known of his large works. Its focus is on eternal rest and consolation. Fauré's reasons for composing the work are unclear, but do not appear to have had anything to do with the death of his parents in the mid-1880s. He composed the work in the late 1880s and revised it in the 1890s, finishing in 1900. He scored it for soprano and baritone soloists, mixed choir, orchestra and organ. A short requiem lasting 35 minutes, It consists of seven movements. Different from most earlier Requiem settings, the sequence ラテン語:Dies irae is omitted, replaced by only its section ラテン語:Pie Jesu as a central soprano aria. The final movement is ''ラテン語:In Paradisum'' on a text which is not part of the liturgy of the funeral mass but the burial. Fauré wrote of the work, "Everything I managed to entertain by way of religious illusion I put into my Requiem, which moreover is dominated from beginning to end by a very human feeling of faith in eternal rest."〔Steinberg, 132–133. Quote's cited date is 1921.〕 The piece premiered in its first version in 1888 in La Madeleine in Paris for a funeral mass. A performance takes about 35 minutes. ==History== Fauré's reasons for composing his Requiem are uncertain. One possible impetus may have been the death of his father in 1885, and his mother's death two years later on New Year's Eve 1887. However, by the time of his mother's death he had already begun the work, about which he later declared, "My Requiem wasn't written ''for'' anything – for pleasure, if I may call it that!"〔Letter from Fauré to the composer Maurice Emmanuel, ''quoted'' in Nectoux (1991), p. 116 (English translation by Roger Nichols). in the original French, Fauré's words were "フランス語:Mon Requiem a été composé pour rien – pour le plaisir, si j'ose dire!" Some English versions translate "フランス語:pour le plaisir" as "for fun": see Steinberg, p. 135〕 The earliest composed music included in the Requiem is the "Libera Me", which Fauré wrote in 1877 as an independent work.〔Duchen, p. 81〕 In 1887–88, Fauré composed the first version of the work, which he called "フランス語:''un petit Requiem''"〔Rutter, p. 3〕 with five movements (フランス語:Introit and , ラテン語:Sanctus, Pie Jesu, Agnus Dei and ラテン語:In Paradisum), but did not include the "ラテン語:Libera Me". This version was first performed on 16 January 1888, under the composer's direction in La Madeleine, Paris. The treble soloist was Louis Aubert, and the occasion was the funeral of Joseph Lesoufaché, an architect.〔 In 1889, Fauré added the ラテン語:Hostias portion of the Offertory and in 1890 he expanded the Offertory and added the 1877 ラテン語:Libera me. This second version was premièred on 21 January 1893, again at the Madeleine with Fauré conducting. In 1899–1900, the score was reworked for full orchestra. This final version was premièred at the Trocadéro in Paris on 12 July 1900, during the Exposition Universelle. Paul Taffanel conducted forces of 250 performers.〔Nectoux, p. 514〕 In 1924 the Requiem, in its full orchestral version, was performed at Fauré's own funeral. It was not performed in the United States until 1931, at a student concert at the Curtis Institute of Music in Philadelphia. It was first performed in England in 1936.〔Steinberg, p. 135〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Requiem (Fauré)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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